- Spur Gear
- Helical Gear
- Herringbone Gear
- Bevel Gear
- Worm Gear
- Rack and Pinion
- Internal and External Gear
- Face Gear
- Sprcokets
1) Spur Gear-Parallel and co-planer shafts connected by gears are called spur gears. The arrangement is called spur gearing.
Spur gears have straight teeth and are parallel to the axis of the wheel. Spur gears are the most common type of gears. The advantages of spur gears are their simplicity in design, economy of manufacture and maintenance, and absence of end thrust. They impose only radial loads on the bearings.
Spur gears are known as slow speed gears. If noise is not a serious design problem, spur gears can be used at almost any speed.
2) Helical Gear-Helical gears have their teeth inclined to the axis of the shafts in the form of a helix, hence the name helical gears.
These gears are usually thought of as high speed gears. Helical gears can take higher loads than similarly sized spur gears. The motion of helical gears is smoother and quieter than the motion of spur gears.
Single helical gears impose both radial loads and thrust loads on their bearings and so require the use of thrust bearings. The angle of the helix on both the gear and the must be same in magnitude but opposite in direction, i.e., a right hand pinion meshes with a left hand gear.
These gears are usually thought of as high speed gears. Helical gears can take higher loads than similarly sized spur gears. The motion of helical gears is smoother and quieter than the motion of spur gears.
Single helical gears impose both radial loads and thrust loads on their bearings and so require the use of thrust bearings. The angle of the helix on both the gear and the must be same in magnitude but opposite in direction, i.e., a right hand pinion meshes with a left hand gear.
3) Herringbone Gear - Herringbone
gears resemble two helical gears that have been placed side by side.
They are often referred to as "double helicals". In the double helical
gears arrangement, the thrusts are counter-balanced. In such double
helical gears there is no thrust loading on the bearings.
4) Bevel/Miter Gear-Intersecting
but coplanar shafts connected by gears are called bevel gears. This
arrangement is known as bevel gearing. Straight bevel gears can be used
on shafts at any angle, but right angle is the most common. Bevel Gears
have conical blanks. The teeth of straight bevel gears are tapered in
both thickness and tooth height.
Spiral Bevel gears: In these Spiral Bevel gears, the teeth are oblique. Spiral Bevel gears are quieter and can take up more load as compared to straight bevel gears.
Spiral Bevel gears: In these Spiral Bevel gears, the teeth are oblique. Spiral Bevel gears are quieter and can take up more load as compared to straight bevel gears.
Zero Bevel gear: Zero
Bevel gears are similar to straight bevel gears, but their teeth are
curved lengthwise. These curved teeth of zero bevel gears are arranged
in a manner that the effective spiral angle is zero.
5) Worm Gear- Worm
gears are used to transmit power at 90° and where high reductions are
required. The axes of worm gears shafts cross in space. The shafts of
worm gears lie in parallel planes and may be skewed at any angle between
zero and a right angle.In worm gears, one gear has screw threads. Due
to this, worm gears are quiet, vibration free and give a smooth
output.Worm gears and worm gear shafts are almost invariably at right
angles.
6) Rack and Pinion- A
rack is a toothed bar or rod that can be thought of as a sector gear
with an infinitely large radius of curvature. Torque can be converted to
linear force by meshing a rack with a pinion: the pinion turns; the
rack moves in a straight line. Such a mechanism is used in automobiles
to convert the rotation of the steering wheel
into the left-to-right motion of the tie rod(s). Racks also feature in
the theory of gear geometry, where, for instance, the tooth shape of an
interchangeable set of gears may be specified for the rack (infinite
radius), and the tooth shapes for gears of particular actual radii then
derived from that. The rack and pinion gear type is employed in a rack railway.
7) Internal & External Gear- An external gear is one with the teeth formed on the outer surface of a cylinder or cone. Conversely, an internal gear is
one with the teeth formed on the inner surface of a cylinder or cone.
For bevel gears, an internal gear is one with the pitch angle exceeding
90 degrees. Internal gears do not cause direction reversal.
8) Face Gears- Face
gears transmit power at (usually) right angles in a circular motion.
Face gears are not very common in industrial application.
