Classification of errors and elimination of error
- Gross error
- Systematic error
- Random errors
Gross errors:
Discourse of
error mainly occur by human mistakes in reading the instrument recording and
calculating the measurement results. This cause of errors mainly occurs by
human mistakes in reading the instrument, recording and calculating the
measurement results.
Example: the
temperature is 31.5 degree centigrade but human may write 21.5 degree
centigrade.
This errors
can be avoided by two methods.
*Great care
should be taken in reading and recording the data.
*2 to 3
readings should be taken.
Systematic error:
This types
of errors can be divided into 3 categories.
(a)
Instrumental errors
(b)
Environmental errors
(c)
Observation errors.
(a) Instrumental
errors:
It occurs
due to the misuse of errors and loading effect on the instrument.
This errors
will also occur due to the calibration of errors.
Towards
others we should celebrate the instrument regularly.
(b) Environmental
errors:
This errors
are caused due to the change in the environmental condition in the area
surrounding the instrument. Such as changes in the temperature, humidity,
pressure, magnetic field or electrostatic field.
This errors
are reduced by sealing the certain components in instrument, which element the
effect of humidity, pressure, temperature and magnetic field or electrostatic
shield must be provided.
(c) Observation
errors:
This errors
are produced by the experimentor and it can be controlled by taking two or
three readings repeatedly.
Random errors:
This errors
were occurr randomly and cause of these errors is unknown.
This errors
may occur by certain human error or by getting disturbance in the instrument.
Tags: ICS, Instrumentation, control system, error, errors