Tensile force, Compressive force, Shear force

Tensile force

Tension is a force that tends to stretch a material, as shown in Figure.
For example,


 -the rope or cable of a crane carrying a load is in tension
 
 -rubber bands, when stretched, are in tension

https://cdn.me-mechanicalengineering.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/tensile-force.jpg


-when a nut is tightened, a bolt is under tension


A tensile force, i.e. one producing tension, increases the length of the material on which it acts





Compressive force


Compression is a force that tends to squeeze or crush a material, as shown in Figure
https://www.farmingdale.edu/faculty/joseph-betz/crane/tc.gif




Shear force


Shear is a force that tends to slide one face of the material over an adjacent face. 
For example

-a rivet holding two plates together is in shear, if tensile force is applied between the plates
http://www.amesweb.info/StressStrainTransformations/Images/Single-Shear.jpg



Tensile force, Compressive force, Shear force
http://robertsontrainingsystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/400px-Compression_tension_and_shear_forces.png